A Review on Solar and IoT Based Wireless Power Transmission Line on Road EV

Abstract

The global shift towards sustainable transportation has created a strong demand for reliable and efficient charging solutions for Electric Vehicles (EVs). Conventional charging stations require vehicles to be parked and plugged in, which leads to time delays, range anxiety, and infrastructural limitations. To address these challenges, this project presents the design and implementation of a Solar and IoT-based Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) System on Roads for Electric Vehicles. The system integrates renewable energy harvesting, inductive wireless charging, and real-time monitoring to provide a dynamic and eco-friendly charging solution

Introduction

The text presents a solar- and IoT-based Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) system designed to enable dynamic charging of electric vehicles (EVs). Rapid growth in EV adoption has exposed limitations of conventional plug-in charging, such as long charging times, range anxiety, grid dependence, and the need for fixed stations. To address these challenges, the proposed system integrates wireless charging embedded in road infrastructure, renewable solar energy, and IoT-based monitoring and control.

Wireless power is transferred using inductive coupling between transmitter coils embedded in the roadway and receiver coils mounted on the vehicle, allowing contactless and in-motion charging. Solar photovoltaic panels serve as the primary energy source, improving sustainability and reducing carbon emissions, while IoT technology enables real-time monitoring, automation, data acquisition, and optimization of power flow. Intelligent coil switching using IR sensors and relays minimizes energy loss and improves system efficiency.

The literature survey highlights prior work on resonant inductive coupling, compensation networks, solar-powered wireless charging, and IoT-based energy management, identifying benefits such as improved efficiency and challenges such as alignment sensitivity, maintenance cost, protocol integration, and limited solar availability.

The problem statement emphasizes the need for a reliable, efficient, and eco-friendly alternative to static, grid-dependent charging systems. The proposed solution aims to provide continuous, efficient, and sustainable charging for EVs while enhancing user convenience and system intelligence.

Experimental achievements include successful wireless power transfer, IoT-based real-time monitoring using ESP8266 and cloud platforms, efficient coil switching, and prototype validation with charging efficiency above 75% under laboratory conditions.

Future scope includes improving scalability and performance through solid-state switching, MPPT integration, advanced compensation networks, energy storage solutions, secure IoT protocols, and compliance with industry safety standards. Overall, the system represents a futuristic, sustainable, and efficient EV charging infrastructure capable of significantly enhancing EV range, efficiency, and environmental performance.

Conclusion

The successful implementation of the Solar and IoT-Based WPT System demonstrates that wireless and renewable-based EV charging is technically feasible and highly promis ing for future transportation networks. The project achieves the core objectives of sustainability, automation, and energy efficiency while providing a foundation for future research in intelligent transport systems. The integration of renewable solar energy with smart IoT control not only enhances energy utilization but also contributes toward the vision of greener and smarter cities. In conclusion, the system serves as a proof-of-concept for next-generation electric vehicle infrastructure—one that is autonomous, eco-friendly, and aligned with the goals of sustainable technological innovation

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2026 Abhishek Indalkar, Harsh Jadhav, Anatta Kamble, Pramod Tawale, Pramila Bhagwat. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.